The obligations of reciprocity

The self-restraint the Bible asks for is mediated through the national political process. 

As the market limits consumption through the price mechanism and performs social allocation of the extant stock of goods and services according to the efficiency of allocations so sheviit/shemitta limits consumption through the demands of the sabbatical year and performs the social apportionment of the extant stock of goods and services according to the obligations of reciprocity between the social and economic classes in the society.