Ingratitude, disloyalty and faithlessness are vices that fail to appreciate the kindness of others. Insofar as kindness is associated with the recognition of kin, these vices are most clearly exemplified by a 'ben sorer umoreh,' the rebellious child. Unkindness is foremost an instance of filial impiety. That filial impiety was legally prohibited and, so, legally enforcable was the (particularly named) exception that proved the rule.
In general,
"Legal support for gratitude would destroy its essence. And therefore legal enforcement is not allowed to punish ingratitude. Even in modern society, therefore, the opinions of other people often step in and exert on the seriously ungrateful the pressure that is social disapproval." (The Gift of Thanks, Margaret Visser, 2008; page 305)
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